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ZIP (file format)
 | |
A zip archive icon from the The Unarchiver's icon set. | |
| Filename extension | .zip |
|---|---|
| Internet media type | application/zip |
| Uniform Type Identifier | com.pkware.zip-archive |
| Magic number | PK\003\004 or PK\005\006 (empty archive) (unless a bootstrap script is present) |
| Developed by | Phil Katz |
| Type of format | Data compression |
The ZIP file format is a data compression and archive format. A ZIP file contains one or more files that have been compressed to reduce file size, or stored as-is. The process of compressing the document(s) into a zip file is also known as deep-packing. The ZIP file format permits a number of compression algorithms, but as of 2009, only Deflate is widely used and supported.
The format was originally created in 1989 by Phil Katz for PKZIP, and evolved from the previous ARC compression format by Thom Henderson. However, many software utilities other than PKZIP itself are now available to create, modify, or open (unzip, decompress) ZIP files, notably WinZip, BOMArchiveHelper, StuffIt, KGB Archiver, PicoZip, Info-ZIP, WinRAR, IZArc, 7-Zip, ALZip, TUGZip, PeaZip, ZipGenius, and Universal Extractor. Microsoft has included built-in ZIP support (under the name "compressed folders") in later versions of its Windows operating system. Apple has included built-in ZIP support in Mac OS X 10.3 and Mac OS X 10.4 via the BOMArchiveHelper utility, now called Archive Utility in Mac OS X 10.5 . The zip, zipcloak, zipnote, zipsplit tools are used widely in unix-like systems.
ZIP files generally use the file extensions ".zip" or ".ZIP" and the MIME media type application/zip. Some software uses the ZIP file format as a wrapper for a large number of small items in a specific structure; when this is done a different file extension is usually used. Examples of this usage are Java JAR files, Python .egg files, SilverLight .xap files, id Software .pk3/.pk4 files, package files for StepMania and Winamp/Windows Media Player skins, XPInstall, as well as OpenDocument and Office Open XML office formats. Both OpenDocument and Office Open XML formats use the JAR file format internally, so files can be easily uncompressed and compressed using tools for ZIP files. Google Earth makes use of KMZ files, which are just KML files in ZIP format. Mozilla Firefox Add-ons are zip files with extension "xpi". Nokia and Sony Ericsson mobile phone themes are zipped with extension "nth" and "thm", respectively.
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